2010年10月3日星期日

Qionghai

 

Wikipedia card

  
Qionghai
Qionghai, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan Province, Xichang City, also called Qiong pool, an early Pleistocene rift lake, has about 180 million years. Its shape, such as snails, north to south and 11.5 kilometers from east to west 5.5 km circumference of 35 km, water area of 31 square kilometers; lake average depth of 14 meters, the deepest 34 m; surface elevation of 1507.14-1509.28 m; water level amplitude is small, catchment area of about 30 square kilometers. May 2002, Sichuan Qionghai - Luoji scenic spots include the fourth installment of the State Council approved the list of state-level scenic spots.
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Basic information
Pronunciation: qiong hai ~ poor sea
  
  
MoundSea
Location: SichuanProvince,Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in XichangCity, 5 km southeast of
:31-28.5 square km area
Depth: maximum depth of 60 meters, with an average depth of 10.32 m
Volume: 320 million cubic meters
Genetic types: the fall of Lake
Qionghai name, found in "Han": "Qiong Du Nanshan out of copper, a Qiong pool Ze"; "the Book": "Southern Man thought Qiong Qiong Pond River, twenty miles wide vertical, over a hundred ten feet deep, and more big fish ... ... ... "


Location
Sichuan Province is the second largest Qionghaifreshwater lake, 7 km from the city center, WoyuLu ShanLu Northeast,Luojithe north side of the mountain of light clouds, a Bi one thousand ares, Sichuan Province is the top tenscenicspots one. Qionghai water is clear and transparent, an area of about 31 square kilometers.


Historical records
  
  
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Qionghai earthquake subsidence that began in ancient "Han 'the Southwest Biography": "Yi Qiong are those opened by Emperor Wu, Qiong that all counties. Little silt and land subsidence as Ze, as a result Qiong pool. Penan that Qiong River. "before" Han. " "Han" before Sima Qian Han era of "Historical Records", are not, "said Qionghai seismic subsidence." In the "Preface to Records of the Historian Sima Qian," said only: "So as the doctor had Shi, Feng Shi Shu expedition south. South slightly Qiong, board under tiles on roof, Kunming, also reported life." Qiong, referring to Xichang, he went to Xichang, and thus With the above records. Sima Qian, writing to rigorous, detailed and accurate was that the "seismic subsidence Qionghai" such a great historical facts, is certainly not negligible in mind.
Southern's Li Ying Liang a "Yizhou mind," both of which Qiong County, a snake basking by yee its revenge story, "is the night, both sides Sishili temporary settlement with the city for the lake, that the natives 'depression lake. " Subsequently, the preparation of Xichang magistrate Wei Hu, "Xichang County," "元鼎 first earthquake, the county as a silt trap Ze," the record; that was later called the "New Book of Tang Chi cited five" "two states, earthquake, eighty day and night . crushed to death a hundred people, ten miles by land subsidence, "the record; that Ming was there," Lu Shan tablets "" Till the dawn to Jiajing, earthquake collapsed, the fields of applied Duan, foes into the sea, "the account; to As there was disintegrating "the world benefit sick gun book", "Water Bay to crack, Depression and five feet four, and health just outside the city if the floating block, said the river ... ... depression is a real natural Scots," the account; that later another week of exercise, "said Cong Shu Hai", "Ning Tainan in Xianfeng, Tongzhi seismic, all fall into place, becoming the giant diffuse. Today the city with the built after the earthquake to those who open up" the narrative; that there was "Macao Daily News," 1987 "Qionghai vicissitudes of life" in "the mid 17th century a major earthquake, the city stuck to the sea Jianchang," the narrative.


Causes
How the formation of Qionghai? In this issue, different opinions. Such as oxbow lake that the remnants of ancient Lake Bend, said the ancient river Nanliu east peace, saidlake, said; however, considered the greatest impact seismic subsidence Qionghai said.
So many of the same seismic subsidence Qionghai said that the causes of Qionghai "earthquake subsidence" is no doubt, right? However, some geological and water experts say, is written above is not the whole letter.
  
MoundSea
Said earlier, andSima Qianwith the "Historical Records", no word or two about the Xichang" Qionghai earthquake subsidence, "the records, and later of" the Book "author of Fan Ye, Sichuan had not yet reached, but had not yet reached the Xichang, and its origin are far Shun Yang in Henan, the reliability of the theory, is unknown; the same time, "Han" also "Hao Shuai indulgence, made a rare Royal," the statement, which shows the ruler of the Han Dynasty at the time was not yet fully conquered other nations. In such circumstances, the official buildings not located in the city, site of a large Western Han tomb, most likely are located at Qiong. Site both in, said Qionghai seismic subsidence is difficult to set up. Mei Niu prefect "Xichang earthquake record change" poem, describes the 1850 case of Xichang earthquake: "Kun-dimensional middle of the night to go ponley, mountain shock waves in decadent. Bed such as the dance who toss, Vanguard Building, housing blight Ye destroy "," I looked everybody in town late next level, who want to distinguish street Xiao Ya ", where the city does not sink into the description of the lake; 80 years from the 20th century found in a number of Qionghai around the site and unearthed the Neolithic pottery, net sinkers and other instructions, no later than already formed in prehistoric Qionghai, Xichang city ruins and relics, and also shows "subsidence into the lake, said," can not be established.
Earthquake is likely to "City of depression", such as the Tangshan earthquake in 1976, but not all. Xichang is indeed an earthquake-prone area, have recorded more than magnitude 7 earthquake, there are so few: BC 116, the magnitude of 8 to 9; the year 1536, 7.25 magnitude; AD 1850, of 7.5 magnitude. However, not many earthquakes in the past because of Xichang, and when the earthquake, based on the belief that ancestors of the earthquake subsidence Qionghai formed. How did that Qionghai formed?
The oxbow lake that the remnants of ancient Lake Bend, said the ancient river Nanliu east peace, said lake that have some basis, but not quite adequate, so it can not be confirmed.
In short, the causes congregation Qionghai not been fully established. Qionghai remains a cause of eternal mysteries have yet to be geological and cultural relics, archaeologists further research confirmation.


Water Origin
  
  
MoundSeaKingColor
Such a large catchment area, its water come from? According to experts, research, water Qionghai four: First, the surface of 31 square kilometers Qionghai atmospheric precipitation; the second is into the streams and the regional Qionghai range of surface runoff; third mound between overseas underground alluvial runoff; Fourth Water supply in karst and fractured rock.


Ecological characteristics
Qionghai in the levels of nutrition, is currently showing eutrophication, pollution, elements of the sediment, nitrogen, phosphorus; average annual temperature of 17.8 ℃. Qionghai Lake, there are 40 kinds of fish, including the unique whitefish, carp, prawns, crabs and so on. There are 19 kinds of autumn to early winter migratory birds spend the winter with family members to come here. Although located in the plateau, but the fish fauna are the fishes by the composition of China's rivers and plains, and the unique Tibetan Plateau article schizothoracine Loach fish and fish fauna composed of different, and belong tothe JinshaRiver in the process sea fish fauna is similar to the existing fish in the red-tailed Vice Loach, short-tailed Triplophysa, Chinese denticulatus,Yunnanlight lip fish, carp and white rock edge of "Fish Central" and is widely distributed in the Yangtze River species, carp, crucian carp, whitefish and China Xichang, etc. Spinibarbus, 13 Cheng Hai in Yunnan are distributed, and wide-fin loach "fish yesterday" and other 17 species widely distributed in Changting in the downstream marine fish species in Qiong class, only whitefish, carp and other Erythroculter on several morphological characteristics of fish in a clear


Form Description
Qionghai lake shaped like a snail, head of the Haihe River in the northwest out of Hukou - with the lake length 11.5 km, maximum width 5.5 km, average width of 2.7 km, 35 km long shoreline, the lake for the bottom of the pot-shaped , the depth of the lake shore to the great changes, most of the water depth of 15 meters, the largest lake area 3lkm2, (water surface elevation 1509.28m), the minimum water level area 28.5km2 (water surface elevation 1507.14m), Rainwater Harvesting area of 309km2, volume was 3.2 billion cubic meters; bottom mud is washed by the rain runoff into the lake sediment surface soil due to red-brown fine mud; large rivers are Qiong River, Bahe River and Goose Creek officials, including Officer Bahe River watershed larger, to maintain a year-round water.


Reflect the views of
Qionghai the same as some of our high altitude lake, to quiet known for seasonal scenery, sky spring water palladium, on the next Pitt, a sparkling shine on the hills Bi Ye Hao Han, and "blue line on the boat, man in the picture mid-stream", shore Liu Mei Tao Sai, Swallows twitter. Summer Lake Angela, Choi Ha bright, Temple fishing and glorified. High air is crisp autumn day, falling clouds lonely duck, Autumn day long, people will never forget. Water clear winter days, red maple and cypress, reflected on the lake. Afternoon wind, waves surging, like Goose play in the waves on the Rosie.
Qionghai attractive scenery, and the bright evening moon in Xichang, a "moon pool Qiong more poetic feeling. If famous Italian traveler Marco. Polo in the browser view Qionghai big plus after its praise, excited, and In his travels, "Marco. Polo Travels" wrote: "clear water beauty, abundant fish, grass-mao, pearl huge, beautiful, far better than its Mediterranean climate and idyllic, really Pearl of the Orient ah. "
Another example is the former Central University Professor Yu Zhu Qi after Qionghai wrote: "I have boating lake, Dongting drum Zhao, Hengjue Taihu Lake, the board Poyang, Dongting that hung wide KIWI Poyang and Taihu deep show, West heavy makeup, Qiong Pond Danma, different, Qiong pool especially idyllic see win. "Qionghai view shows general.


Attractions
Qionghai is not only beautiful scenery, there are many wonderful folk tales, but also express a mystery and its beauty, such as Li Ying, "Gaizhou mind" and "Tai Ping Yu Lan" and other writings are a lot of records. Qionghai Lake, there are 40 kinds of fish, including the unique whitefish, carp, prawns, crabs, 19 species of migratory birds autumn to early winter to this winter with family members. Existing Qionghai Lake Park, Qiong Hai hotels, new beach fishing village, Lotus, Moon Bay, Sunshine Village, Rosa Rose Garden,Seiryuji, site of the old Hai Ting, Walnut Village, ornamental garden and Xing Tiwei water sports schools and other attractions.


Ticket prices
Qionghai surrounded Moon Bay, view of the Gulf, blue Longwan other area, are free.

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